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ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCES OF LITHIUM ION BATTERY THROUGH STRUCTURE DESIGN AND MNUPILATION OF ELECTRODE MATERIALS
Last modified: 2014-10-08
Abstract
The structure, especially the surface structure, of electrode materials of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) determines the density of active sites for Li conversion reaction and that of channels for Li+ intercalation / deintercalation, and is thus a crucial factor of controlling the transport kinetics of lithium ions and the performances of LIBs. This communication reports our recent progresses on studies focusing on tuning the surface structure and performances of electrode materials of LIBs. The cathode materials of layer-structured Li[Li1/3-2x/3NixMn2/3-x/3]O2 (LNMO) and LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (LNCM) exhibit high capacity of over 200 mA h g-1, while they exist a rapidly fading capacity and a poor rate-capability. We demonstrated that such layer-structures materials form usually hexagonal nanoplates, on which the {001} facets are inactive for Li+ intercalation, while the {010} facets are open for the Li+ transportation. Through tuning the habit of the LNMO and synthesis of nanobricks of LNCM, the proportion of the active {010} facets are increase on their surface. As a consequence, both the reversibility and rate capability of these cathode materials are enhanced. The anode materials such as Co3O4 and MnO, which have much higher specific capacities respectively of 892 mAh g-1 and 755.6 mAh g-1 in comparison with the commercially used graphite, suffer a slow kinetics. By synthesis of octahedral Co3O4 crystals and porous MnO/C nanotubes, the rate capability of these materials have been significantly improved. Moreover, a micro/nano-structured MnO materials and their excellent lithium storage property and high performance as anode in a MnO / LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ lithium ion battery is realized.
References
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