In this work, nano-structured manganese oxide (MnO2) was grown directly on the treated carbon cloth (CC) through a simple hydrothermal method. The structure and thickness of MnO2 film were controlled by the PH value of solution and reaction time. The morphology of MnO2 deposited on CC was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the phase structure was confirmed by Raman, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Owning to the formation of MnO2 thin film morphology, porous structure and the intimate contact between the electroactive material , the MnO2/CC composites demonstrated a high specific capacitance of 377 mF/cm2 at a current density of 1 mA/cm2 , and the specific capacitance still remained about 89% of its initial value after continuous 1000 charge/discharge cycles. The excellent performance of MnO2 is attributed to the short ion diffusion path and good electron transport environment offered by CC.